On 1 December 2023, the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (MLI) entered into force for Papua New Guinea.

Regarding the tax treaties between Papua New Guinea and other countries where the MLI is already in force, the MLI generally becomes effective for withholding taxes starting from 1 January 2024. Regarding other taxes, it applies to taxable periods commencing on or after 1 June 2024 (six months after entry into force).

Papua New Guinea signed the convention on 23 January 2019 and deposited its instrument of approval for the MLI on 31 August 2023.