The Global Forum has released peer review reports on transparency and exchange of information on request for Eswatini, Jordan, and Vietnam, approved in October 2025 and adopted by its members.
The OECD has unveiled new peer review reports on tax information exchange for Eswatini, Jordan, and Vietnam on 10 November 2025.
The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes (Global Forum) published the peer review reports on transparency and exchange of information on request (EOIR). The reports were approved by the Global Forum’s dedicated Peer Review and Monitoring Group in October 2025 and subsequently adopted by the Global Forum members.
Due to their limited involvement in EOIR in practice to date, the reviews of Eswatini and Jordan provide an assessment of their legal and regulatory frameworks only (Phase 1 of the review process). Eswatini’s legal and regulatory framework was found to be overall in place and the second phase of the review, which will focus on the implementation in practice, will start by 2028. Jordan’s legal framework contains significant gaps, and legislative improvements are required before its review is progressed to a second phase. Following a combined assessment of its legal and regulatory framework and the implementation of the standard in practice, Viet Nam has been rated overall as “Non-Compliant” with the standard.
Since 2016, 129 jurisdictions have been fully reviewed in the second round of EOIR peer reviews and the ratings assigned are generally positive: 88% of the jurisdictions are rated “Compliant” or “Largely Compliant” with the standard, 9% are assessed as “Partially Compliant”, and 2% as “Non-Compliant”.
Jurisdiction-specific findings and recommendations from the reviews are as follows:
Eswatini joined the Global Forum in 2018. This first assessment concludes that Eswatini’s legal framework is generally in place, but some areas need improvements, notably in respect of the availability of certain aspects of ownership and beneficial ownership information, and accounting information. Regarding beneficial ownership information, Eswatini currently relies solely on its anti-money laundering framework, which does not cover all relevant legal entities and arrangements. Eswatini’s competent authority has broad access powers to obtain all types of information. Eswatini also has an extensive exchange of information network, being a party to the Multilateral Convention on Mutual Assistance in Tax Matters. The assessment of the practical implementation of the legal framework (Phase 2 review) will be launched in June 2028, at the latest. Access the report
Jordan joined the Global Forum in 2019. This first assessment concludes that, although Jordan has a legal and regulatory framework that broadly ensures the availability of information, essential elements to comply effectively with the EOIR standard are not in place. In this regard, its domestic framework does not provide for access to banking information in most cases. The launch of Jordan’s Phase 2 review will take place when its domestic and international legal framework has been improved. Otherwise, Jordan will be rated overall as “Non-Compliant” after a period of two years. The other deficiencies identified relate to the availability of information on silent partnerships and foreign trusts, the retention period for accounting information and the enforcement measures to compel information holders to provide information. Access the report
Vietnam joined the Global Forum in 2020. As Vietnam has substantive experience in EOIR, this first assessment covers both the legal and regulatory framework for EOIR and the implementation of the standard in practice. It finds Viet Nam to be Non-Compliant with the standard. Organisational processes and procedures to preserve the confidentiality of information received from partner jurisdictions require improvements. Substantial delays in providing information to peers were also observed. These deficiencies fundamentally affected the exchange of information. Deficiencies were also noted in supervision of the compliance with legal requirements relating to ownership, accounting and banking information. While the tax authorities have broad access powers for domestic tax purposes, these cannot be fully used for exchange of information purposes. Viet Nam has very recently introduced requirements on legal persons to keep and report their beneficial ownership information to the authorities, but the system contains deficiencies and has not yet been enforced. Viet Nam has a large exchange of information network, which generally provides for exchange of information in line with the standard. Access the report.
