Ireland extends 9% VAT rate on gas and electricity until 31 October 2025
Irish Minister for Climate, Environment and Energy Minister Darragh O'Brien has welcomed the government decision to extend the 9% VAT rate currently applied to gas and electricity by a further six months – to 31 October. The 9% VAT rate had been
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Greece proposes tax incentives to boost capital market and innovation in 2025
The Greek Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation offering tax incentives to bolster the capital market, featuring an increased deduction for listing costs of small and medium enterprises and an expanded angel investor tax relief for
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Germany mandates transaction matrix transfer pricing documentation requirement
Germany’s Ministry of Finance released a decree outlining the requirements for the “transaction matrix,” a new component of transfer pricing documentation under section 90(3) of the Fiscal Code (AO) on 2 April 2024. The transaction matrix
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Slovak Republic limits input VAT deduction to 50% on motor vehicles and motorcycles
The Slovak Republic Ministry of Finance has announced that businesses can only claim a 50% VAT deduction on passenger vehicles, fuel, repairs, and maintenance, effective 1 July 2025. This will raise acquisition and operating costs by over
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Portugal adopts EU small business scheme for cross-border trade
Portugal has published Decree-Law No. 35/2025 of 24 March 2025 in the Official Gazette, introducing measures to align with EU VAT law for small businesses. The Decree includes the EU small business scheme for cross-border supplies under Council
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Lithuania to tax sugary beverages
The Lithuanian government has put forward a draft law to introduce a new tax on sugary drinks. This would apply to liquid food products intended for consumption that contain at least 5 grams of sugar, sweeteners, or a combination of both per 100
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Cyprus offers VAT exemption to rental property owners
Cyprus’ Commissioner of Taxation published Circular 2/2025 on 24 March 2025, outlining guidelines for rental property owners who haven't opted to exempt their property from VAT. The circular is valid until 31 December 2025. In Cyprus, renting
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Spain gazettes Pillar Two global minimum tax rules
Spain has issued Royal Decree 252/2025 of 1 April 2025 in the Official Gazette, introducing Complementary Tax Regulations to ensure a global minimum tax for large multinationals and national groups. The regulations clarify Law No. 7/2024 of 20
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Ireland: Department of Finance consults R&D tax credit, potential measures to foster innovation
Ireland's Department of Finance has initiated a public consultation regarding the R&D tax credit and potential measures to foster innovation. A tax credit regime for Research and Development (R&D) was introduced in Ireland in Finance Act
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Bulgaria adopts 2025 Budget Act with tax reforms
Bulgaria published its 2025 State Budget Act on 27 March 2025, introducing several key updates. The Act aligns the country’s Pillar 2 global minimum tax laws with OECD guidelines from 2023 and 2024, including rules on tax carryforwards,
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Denmark: Business Authority delays OIOUBL 3 e-invoicing release to October 2025
The Danish Business Authority has announced that the release of the updated version of the Danish e-invoicing format, OIOUBL 3.0, will be delayed. The new release is now expected to be available in October 2025. The final release of the OIOUBL
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Germany introduces revised rules for interest deduction limitations
The German Ministry of Finance has released updated guidelines on the interest deduction limits, known as the "interest barrier." on 24 March 2025. These changes follow amendments made by the Secondary Credit Market Promotion Act to Sections 4h
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Denmark extends digital bookkeeping to more businesses starting March 2025
Denmark introduced executive orders BEK no. 297 and BEK no. 303 on 20 March 2025, extending the digital bookkeeping obligation to more businesses. The new rules apply to: Sole proprietorships with an annual turnover over DKK 300,000 for
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Finland seeks public input on interest deductions
Finland's Ministry of Finance has initiated public consultation on two proposed tax reforms on 27 March 2025. Interest exemption for infrastructure projects The Business Tax Act limits the ability to deduct interest for tax purposes, which
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Switzerland: Parliament approves amending protocol to tax treaty with Germany
The Swiss parliament granted final approval to the amending protocol to the 1971 income and capital tax treaty with Germany on 21 March 2025. The protocol complies with BEPS standards and introduces additional provisions to clarify how national
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Luxembourg unveils action plan to boost start-ups
The Luxembourg Minister of the Economy, SMEs, Energy and Tourism, Lex Delles, and the Minister of Finance, Gilles Roth, jointly presented an action plan entitled "10 Action Points for Start-ups". This announcement was made by the Government
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Germany updates guidance on VAT rules for small businesses
The German Ministry of Finance has updated its guidance on special VAT rules for small businesses on 18 March 2025. These changes follow the approval, in December 2024, of the increase in VAT exemption thresholds to take effect from 1 January
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Bulgaria: Parliament approves lower VAT registration threshold starting April 2025
Bulgaria's parliament passed the State Budget Bill for the year on 21 March 2025 which includes amendments to the Value Added Tax (VAT) Act. The amendments lower the mandatory VAT registration threshold from the current BGN 166,000 to BGN
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