On 21 February 2023, the Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service issued final regulations T.D. 9972 amending the rules for filing returns and other documents electronically (e-file). These regulations will require certain filers to e-file beginning in 2024.

The regulation affects filers of partnership returns, corporate income tax returns, unrelated business income tax returns, withholding tax returns, certain information returns, registration statements, disclosure statements, notifications, actuarial reports and certain excise tax returns. The final regulations reflect changes made by the Taxpayer First Act (TFA) to increase e-filing without undue hardship on taxpayers.

The final regulations generally provide hardship waivers for filers that would experience hardship in complying with the e-filing requirements and administrative exemptions from the e-filing requirements to promote effective and efficient tax administration.